Rhythmicity of locomotor behavior and body temperature in Felis catus maintained under controlled microclimate conditions

The survival and reproductive success of well-distributed animal species hinge on rhythmic activity synchronized with day/night and sleep/wake cycles. The rhythmicity of body temperature and motor activity is frequently used in chronobiology to determine circadian system function. The current study explores the daily rhythm of locomotor activity and body temperature in captive domestic cats (Felis catus) maintained under controlled light/dark (12:12) cycle conditions. A mainly nocturnal activity was observed, particularly, the cats had an activity peak shortly before or after switching on, indicating a crepuscular pattern. A positive correlation (P < 0.05; r = 0.16) was found between the temperatures and locomotory activity data. The findings highlight the importance of understanding temporal regulation in maintaining internal balance and overall animal welfare. The study provides valuable insights into the circadian patterns of domestic cats, emphasizing the potential use of body temperature as an indicator of circadian system status.