Reduced IL-33 plasma levels in multiple myeloma patients are associated with more advanced stage of disease

IL-33 appears to drive Th2 responses, and reduced IL-33 plasma levels therefore might explain the reduction of the T response observed in MM. Moreover, we found a significant difference between IL-33 levels in patients affected by MM and MGUS, and a negative correlation in MM patients between IL-33 level and stage disease. All this may indicate that, during disease progression or the transition from a benign condition, such as MGUS, to a situation like MM, the deficiency in cytokine secretion worsens progressively, leading to a further deterioration of the immune imbalance and participating in various way to the genesis and onset of disease.